AISI D2 • DIN 1.2379 • JIS SKD11 Steel

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What is D2 Steel?

D2 steel can be used to produce cold work mold steel with a large cross-section, complex shape, high impact force, and high wear resistance. It also is called DIN 1.2379 and JIS SKD11 steel.
1.2379 steel is a high-carbon and high-chromium cold work mold steel. It is widely used in the world. It has high hardenability and high wear resistance. Its high-temperature oxidation resistance is good. The anti-corrosion ability is good after quenching and polishing, and the deformation is small after the steel heat treatment. D2 tool steel composition and more information as below.

D2 Steel Application

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1.2379 steel is used for blanking or forming dies, thread rolling dies, shear knives, food-processing knives, gauges, punches and etc.

1.2379 Steel Physical Properties

PROPERTIES	METRIC	IMPERIAL
DENSITY	7.7 * 1000kg/m³	0.278 lb/in³
MELTING POINT	1421℃	2590°F

1.2379 Steel Mechanical Properties

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES	METRIC	IMPETIAL
Hardness, Knoop(converted from Rockwell C hardness)	769	769
Hardness, Rockwell C	62	62
Hardness, Vickers	748	748
Izod impact unnotched	77.0 J	56.8 ft-lb
Poisson's ratio	0.27-0.30	0.27-0.30
Elastic modulus	190-210 GPa	27557-30457 ksi

D2 Steel Grade Equivalent Chart

Country	USA	Germany/UK/France	JAPAN	ISO
Standard	ASTM A681-08 ALLOY TOOL STEEL	EN ISO 4957: 1999 TOOL STEEL	JIS G4404: 2006 ALLOY TOOL STEEL	ISO 4957: 1999 TOOL STEEL
Grades	D2	X153CrMoV12	SKD11	X153CrMoV12

D2 Steel Chemical Composition and Equivalent Grades

STAND	C(%)	Mn(%)	P(%)	S(%)	Si(%)	Cr(%)	V(%)	W(%)	Mo(%)
ASTM A681-08	1.40-1.60	0.10-0.60	≤0.030	≤0.030	0.10-0.60	11.00-13.00	0.50-1.10	-	0.70-1.20
JIS G4404: 2006	1.40-1.60	≤0.60	≤0.030	≤0.030	0.40	11.00-13.00	0.20-0.50	-	-
EN ISO 4957:1999	1.45-1.60	0.20-0.60	-	-	0.10-0.60	11.00-13.00	0.70-1.00	-	0.70-1.00
ISO 4957: 1999	1.45-1.60	0.20-0.60			0.10-0.60	11.00-13.00	0.70-1.00		0.70-1.00

D2 Steel Forging

Heating for forging of AISI D2 tool steel should be done slowly and uniformly. Soak through at 1850°-1950°F and reheat as often as necessary, stopping work when the temperature drops below 1700°F(926°C). After D2 mold steel forging, cool slowly in lime, mica, dry ashes or furnace. D2 steel should always be annealed after forging.

1.2379 Steel Heat Treatment

Heat Treatment

DIN 1.2379 steels alloy should be preheated very slowly to 815℃ (1500°F) and the temperature can be increased to 1010oC (1850°F). Then held at 1010oC (1850°F) for 20 to 45 minutes and air-cooled (air quenched).

Annealing

Annealing of 1.2379 tool steels material should be done at 871 to 898°C (1600 to 1650°F) followed by slow furnace cooling at 4.4°C (40°F) per hour or less, after which cooling rate could be increased. At the same time, must do something to prevent excessive carburization or decarburization.

Stress Relieving

Heat it slowly to 1050°-1250°F, allow to equalize, and then cool in still air(Strain Relieving)

Preheat Prior To Hardening

Preheat slowly to 1350°-1450°F and hold at this temperature until steel 1.2379 steel material is uniformly heated.

Hardening

After thorough preheating, heat to 1800°-1850°F. Hold it at the hardening temperature until it is completely and uniformly heated.

Quenching

DIN 1.2379 steel tool material is an air hardening steel and will develop hardness on cooling in still air. To avoid scaling and prevent decarburization on the surface, controlled atmosphere or vacuum furnaces are recommended. Parts should be allowed to cool to 150F, or to where they can be held in the bare hand, and then temper immediately.

Tempering

The tempering temperature on material 1.2379 steel may be varied according to the desired hardness. 1.2379 steels can be tempered at 204°C (400°F) for achieving Rockwell C hardness of 61 and at 537°C (1000°F) for a Rockwell C hardness of 54.

Compare

Chinese Cr12Mo1V1 steel, American D2 steel, Japanese SKD11 steel, the chemical composition of them is the same, but the performance is very different. After heat treatment, the color of Cr12Mo1V1 is a little orange-red, and the deformation would be large. It is easy to fracture during use. And the hardness of D2 steel is higher than SKD11 steel, but the toughness is not better than SKD11 steel. SKD11 steel is light and smooth, with the best overall performance.

D2 Steel Quality Certificate

1.2379 Steel Supply

Round Bar:

Specification: Dia Max 800mm; Length: Max 6m
Surface: Black, Peeled, Machined(Turned), Polished(Grounded)

Sheet/Plate/Slab:

Specification: Thickness: Max 800mm; Width: Max 810mm; Length: 6m
Surface: Black, Peeled, Machined, Polished(Ground, Grinded, Milled)

Notice:
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